Technique - (14) Nanoparticle / nanocrystal synthesis

Type: Fabrication

Description: Colloidal synthesis of size- and shape-controlled inorganic nanocrystals and quantum dots.

Department(s)/lab(s): Chemistry / PME | Alivisatos Lab @ UChicago
Summary:

Pioneer in nanocrystal science. Sensing-relevant directions: (1) coherent Er spin defects in colloidal nanocrystal hosts as scalable solid-state spin qubit platform (2024 paper with Awschalom); (2) size- and shape-controlled nanocrystal synthesis for mid-IR sensing applications; (3) fundamental scaling laws governing optical properties for sensor design. Founder Nanosys and Quantum Dot Corp.

Department(s)/lab(s): School of Chemistry | Boskovic Molecular Magnetism Group @ UMelb
Summary:

Boskovic is a synthetic inorganic chemist working on lanthanoid and polyoxometalate molecular magnets, valence tautomeric and redox-switchable complexes, and the design of molecules whose spin states can be addressed and switched. The group's relevance to quantum sensing is that these are chemically tunable spin qubits: unlike solid-state defects, their coordination environment, nuclear-spin bath and anisotropy can be designed atom by atom, which is the argument for molecular qubits as sensors. Characterisation is by SQUID magnetometry, EPR and ab initio calculation. Positioned against the established body of NV-ensemble quantum sensing work โ€” DEER, nanoscale NMR and T1 relaxometry protocols operating at pT/sqrt(Hz) field sensitivity โ€” molecular spin qubits are the chemistry community's answer to the NV centre, and DEER/pulsed-EPR protocols developed for NV ensembles at pT/sqrt(Hz) transfer more or less directly to these systems. Borderline inclusion (synthesis-led rather than sensitivity-led), kept per the inclusive rubric.

Department(s)/lab(s): Electrical & Electronic Engineering โ€“ Photon Science Institute | Curry Group (Advanced Electronic Materials and Quantum Technologies) @ Manchester
Summary:

Curry's group works on advanced electronic materials with emphasis on quantum technology applications. Research directions: (1) Single-ion implantation and detection โ€” using P-NAME (Manchester's unique instrument for ion implantation at 20 nm accuracy) to deterministically place single rare-earth ions (Er3+, Pr3+) in photonic substrates for quantum memory and sensing; (2) Er:Si and Er:SiO2 photonics โ€” developing silicon-compatible Er-doped waveguides and cavities emitting at 1.5 ยตm for quantum network interfaces; (3) Colloidal quantum dots for sensing โ€” photon-number-resolved detection using InAs QDs; (4) Ion beam technologies โ€” SIMS and focused ion beam for quantum material characterization and fabrication. Access to P-NAME facility is unique in UK.

Department(s)/lab(s): School of Chemistry | Giansiracusa Lanthanoid Magnetism Group @ UMelb
Summary:

Giansiracusa is an early-career PI (ARC DECRA) working on ytterbium and other lanthanoid single-molecule magnets, combining synthesis, magnetometry and ab initio electronic-structure calculation to understand and engineer magnetic anisotropy and spin relaxation. The stated aim of his DECRA is to move Yb-based single-molecule magnets toward real-world application, which in practice means qubit and sensor use cases where long coherence at accessible temperatures matters. Positioned against the established body of NV-ensemble quantum sensing work โ€” DEER, nanoscale NMR and T1 relaxometry protocols operating at pT/sqrt(Hz) field sensitivity โ€” the relaxation-time engineering problem he is attacking is the molecular analogue of the T1/T2 optimisation that sets pT/sqrt(Hz) performance in NV ensembles. Small, new group; a candidate would have unusual latitude but limited infrastructure.

Department(s)/lab(s): Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering | Goldys Nanoscale Biophotonics Group @ UNSW
Summary:

Goldys was Deputy Director of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics and now leads a nanoscale biophotonics group in Biomedical Engineering. The programme is about extracting diagnostic information from very weak optical signals inside cells and tissue: luminescent and upconverting nanoparticle probes with long lifetimes that allow time-gated, background-free detection; hyperspectral unmixing of native cellular autofluorescence (NADH, FAD, porphyrins) as a completely label-free readout of cell state, which she has pushed toward clinical use in reproductive medicine and cancer; and nanoparticle-mediated therapy. Positioned against the established body of NV-ensemble quantum sensing work โ€” DEER, nanoscale NMR and T1 relaxometry protocols operating at pT/sqrt(Hz) field sensitivity โ€” time-gated luminescence and NV relaxometry are two solutions to the same problem โ€” how to read a faint, specific signal out of an autofluorescent, optically hostile biological background โ€” and her clinical translation experience is exactly the missing capability in most quantum-biosensing groups. Preferred attribute present: advanced/label-based imaging with a genuine human-application pathway.

Department(s)/lab(s): School of Chemistry | Gooding Biosensors and Surface Chemistry Group @ UNSW
Summary:

Gooding is one of the world's most-cited biosensor scientists (inaugural editor-in-chief of ACS Sensors) and runs a group of over thirty researchers spanning surface chemistry, electrochemistry and nanomedicine. The sensing programme that matters here is the move from ensemble to digital, single-molecule-resolved detection: nanoparticle-tethered electrochemical sensors in which single binding events are counted rather than averaged, nanopore blockade sensors for protein biomarkers such as PSA, amplification-free nucleic-acid detection, and antifouling surface chemistries that make any of this work in real biological fluid. He has a strong commercialisation record (AgaMatrix glucose sensors). Positioned against the established body of NV-ensemble quantum sensing work โ€” DEER, nanoscale NMR and T1 relaxometry protocols operating at pT/sqrt(Hz) field sensitivity โ€” his single-molecule-counting philosophy is the biosensing analogue of moving from a pT/sqrt(Hz) NV ensemble to single-spin detection: in both cases the sensitivity gain comes from resolving individual events rather than improving an averaged signal. He is also the obvious collaborator for anyone trying to functionalise a diamond or nanoparticle quantum sensor for a real analyte.

Department(s)/lab(s): Physics & Astronomy โ€“ Photon Science Institute | Graham Group (SERS and Nanoplasmonic Biosensing) @ Manchester
Summary:

Graham's group develops SERS-based nanoplasmonic sensing platforms for biomedical applications. Research directions: (1) SERS nanogap substrates โ€” engineering colloidal gold and silver nanostructure clusters with reproducible, high-enhancement nanogaps for single-molecule SERS detection; (2) In vivo SERS โ€” intravenous SERS nanotags for tumor imaging and multiplexed biomarker detection in living organisms; (3) Microfluidic SERS โ€” integrating SERS probes in microfluidic channels for continuous monitoring of circulating biomarkers; (4) Quantitative SERS โ€” calibration strategies for absolute analyte quantification for clinical diagnostics. Extreme sensitivity (single-molecule) relevant to quantum-enhanced optical sensing.

Department(s)/lab(s): Physics / Chemistry | Guyot-Sionnest Lab @ UChicago
Summary:

Develops colloidal semiconductor nanocrystal platforms for infrared detection and sensing. Directions: (1) HgTe and HgSe colloidal quantum dot mid-IR photodetectors operating at room temperature โ€” record sensitivity for solution-processed IR sensors; (2) electro-optic modulation using nanocrystal films at ultrafast timescales; (3) fundamental optical and transport properties of doped nanocrystals. Primary application: low-cost infrared imaging and chemical sensing.

Department(s)/lab(s): School of Physics / Institute of Medical Physics | Kuncic Medical Physics and Nanoscale Systems Group @ USyd
Summary:

Kuncic works across medical physics and nanoscale systems: nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy and dosimetry (where high-Z nanoparticles act as local dose amplifiers and the physics question is energy deposition at nanometre scales), nanoparticle contrast agents and theranostics, and โ€” separately โ€” neuromorphic nanowire networks as physical computing substrates. The medical-physics thread is the relevant one here: it is about quantifying and imaging what a nanoscale probe does inside tissue. Positioned against the established body of NV-ensemble quantum sensing work โ€” DEER, nanoscale NMR and T1 relaxometry protocols operating at pT/sqrt(Hz) field sensitivity โ€” the nanoparticle-in-tissue problem she works on is the same delivery-and-quantification problem that determines whether an in-cell nanodiamond sensor operating near the pT/sqrt(Hz) regime reports anything biologically meaningful. Borderline inclusion; a candidate would be bringing quantum sensing to her, not the reverse.

Department(s)/lab(s): School of Chemistry / Bio21 Institute | Mulvaney Nanoscience Laboratory @ UMelb
Summary:

Mulvaney directs the ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science and runs Melbourne's nanoscience laboratory. The group's distinctive capability is single-particle and single-emitter optical spectroscopy: photon-antibunching and blinking statistics from individual quantum dots and perovskite nanocrystals, photothermal and dark-field spectroscopy of individual metal nanoparticles, and the electrochemical control of single-nanocrystal charge state. Applications run from LEDs and solar cells to quantum-dot probes for single-particle tracking in cells. Positioned against the established body of NV-ensemble quantum sensing work โ€” DEER, nanoscale NMR and T1 relaxometry protocols operating at pT/sqrt(Hz) field sensitivity โ€” his single-emitter photon-statistics measurements share the shot-noise-limited photon-counting methodology of NV-ensemble ODMR readout, and the group's nanocrystal probes are direct competitors/complements to nanodiamond in cellular sensing. Large, well-resourced group.