Knappe develops microfabricated chip-scale atomic magnetometers and clocks and applies them to biomagnetism (MEG/MCG) and NMR; she co-founded FieldLine to commercialise OPM sensors. This vapour-phase approach reaches femto-to-picotesla sensitivities complementary to NV-center diamond ensemble quantum sensors (DEER, nano-NMR, T1 relaxometry) that operate near the pT/sqrt(Hz) regime.